58. Effective managers carefully assess the degree to which people have high or low nAff. ______________ is classified as a content theory. e) inducements. c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards e) Esteem, Sharon, a member of a book club, a sewing club, and a tennis club strives to maintain strong interpersonal relationships. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. b) The theory has been scientifically verified with methods other than the original. Both equity theory and expectancy theory are classified as process theories. To achieve cleanliness, arrangement, organization, balance, neatness, tidiness, and precision. the amount of effort a person puts forth. b.) c) affiliation They simply dont exert as much effort in this area as high-nAff people do. e) Physiological, social, safety, self-actualization, and esteem, d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization, 63. Employees with high nPow can be beneficial to organizations. Exam will be online Sunday, May 14, 2023 Relatively high pay is necessary to sustain performance on certain low-skill jobs. d) understand individual employee needs and create work environments that respond to them. Drugs that lower anxiety and reduce stress. Maslows theory differs from others that preceded it because of this hierarchical, prepotency concept. c.) physiological, safety, and social. Which of the following theory has used "General Systems Theory" as a framework for its development? a) Safety b) valence The theories presented in this section focus on the importance of human needs. c) top-down goals. c. He relied on correlational methods. b) Stajkovic, Locke, and Blair Content theories explain work motivation in terms of what arouses, energizes, or initiates employee behavior. Organizational behavior researchers, however, are not as enamored with it because research results dont support Maslows hierarchical notion. e) relatedness. Jobs that are best performed alone are more appropriate for low-nAff employees, who are less likely to be frustrated. When nAch is being expressed, making it a manifest need, people try hard to succeed at whatever task theyre doing. Murray studied many different needs, but very few in any detail. Describe a content theory of motivation. Solve the application problem involving cash and trade discounts. If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, According to self-determination theory, skilled workers who are given a chance to hone their skills and the freedom to practice their craft will be intrinsically motivated. There are four major process theories: (1) operant conditioning, (2) equity, (3) goal, and (4) expectancy. the different needs that an individual is trying to satisfy. e) Hygiene factors include working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. They differ in that they feel best when they have influenced a work group to achieve the groups goals, and not some personal agenda. Webinars can also be accessed in recorded form at any time 24/7 during the 6-week session. d) power That is, we are motivated by intrinsic rewards, rewards that we more or less give ourselves. Refinements of Maslows theory in recent years reflect this more limited hierarchy.11 The self-assessment below will allow you to evaluate the strength of your five needs. d.) Goal setting According to McClelland, Joanna has a high need for _____________. c) affiliation a) achievement Genetic Theory of Aging. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. a) Hygiene factors include achievement and recognition. d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization 2016. How Companies Can Tap Sustainability to Motivate Staff. http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/how-companies-tap-sustainability-to-motivate-staff/, Mulvey, Kelsey. All of the following statements about the equity theory of motivation are correct EXCEPT: Content theories tend to: emphasize the direction component of motivation All of the following are process theories of motivation EXCEPT: SDT The term operant conditioning is used to indicate that the learning process is based on the results produced by a person operating on the: environment Dec 12, 2022 OpenStax. McClellands research differs from Murrays in that McClelland studied three needs in depth: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power (often abbreviated, in turn, as nAch, nAff, and nPow).5 McClelland believes that these three needs are learned, primarily in childhood. The content theories of motivation include all of the following EXCEPT: a. hierarchy of needs theory. Once satisfied, challenging jobs, additional responsibilities, and prestigious job titles can help employees satisfy higher-order esteem needs. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. b) Feelings of inequity are determined solely by the individual's interpretation of the situation. c) People who feel they are overpaid tend to decrease the quantity or quality of their work, whereas people who feel they are underpaid tend to increase the quantity or quality of their work. 1999-2023, Rice University. c) Existence, relatedness, and growth The Prison Expansion Era. McClellands other power seeker is the social power seeker. They accept credit for success and blame for failure. To master, manipulate, or organize physical objects, human beings, or ideas. All of the following descriptions of Maslow's needs hierarchy are correct EXCEPT: e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. Question 16:- All of the following are content theories except: a) operant conditioning b) SDT theory c) ERG theory d) Motivator/Hygiene theory . First, managers should address the hygiene factors. b) Physiological e) Hygiene factors include working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. This doesnt mean that they avoid other people, or that they dislike others. There are no higher levels in the pyramid, because self-actualization needs can never be fully satisfied. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. Match each vocabulary term to its definition. Maslow's social needs tend to be more important in more collectivist societies like Mexico, thereby challenging the structured approach to the pyramid across cultures. b) It should be consistent across different cultures. Hygiene It is too easy. d) all three needs may not be activated at the same time benzodiazepines e. The use of drugs to control or relieve the symptoms of psychological disorders. To defend the self against assault, criticism, and blame. He called the first set motivators (or growth needs). e) social needs tend to be dominant in more collectivist societies. They look at motivation from the perspective of our needs and aspirations. d) Goal setting Question 17:- Managerial implications for the SDT theory include: a) to motivate high performance for uninteresting jobs make performance contingent on extrinsic rewards. d) hygiene factors Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow's needs from the lowest (lower-order need) to the highest (higher-order need)? The Promotion contains a game of chance . Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: contingency. The nAff has important implications for organizational behavior. Theory choice. Extrinsic motivation increases as intrinsic motivation decreases! Operant Conditioning Theory Operant conditioning theory is the simplest of the motivation theories. b) instrumentalities High-nAch people are not motivated by tasks that are too easy or extremely difficult. Our mission is to improve educational access and learning for everyone. Satisfaction and dissatisfaction are on different scales in his view. c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. c) Higher-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. c) affiliation b.) High-nPow people do have effective employee behaviors, but at times theyre disruptive. Do we need to talk or be silent? Hygiene needs, on the other hand, must be met to avoid dissatisfaction (but do not necessarily provide satisfaction or motivation).15. The theory of evolution is one of the fundamental keystones of modern biological theory.. d) interactional justice They recorded $97,440 in accounts receivable for the year and$288,550 in credit sales. The theory posits that to maximize employee motivation, employers must try to guide workers to the upper parts of the hierarchy. a. The diversity of the living world is staggering. a) Distributive justice e. Carl Jung. Sustainability should be tied to a higher purpose and foster a sense of unity not simply among employees, but even with competition at a societal level (Knowledge @ Wharton 2016). According to Roy's Adaptation Model, the adaptive modes includes all the following, EXCEPT: A. Physiologic Needs B. Self Concept C. Role Function D. Interdependence E. Achievement Answer Key 4. Skills-based math and English classes help develop reasoning skills, while textbook exercises ensure long-term mastery of each. LEVEL 2 Wine Online with Tasting Kit Course runs April 3 - May 8, 2023 Live Webinars: Mondays 4/10, 4/17, 4/24 and 5/08 from 3pm-4:30pm ET. Individual therapy meets the standard of best practices when it includes all of the following EXCEPT. true. They include such needs as the need for achievement, for love, and for affiliation (see Table 14.1).4. d) Safety d) The research can only be replicated with the original method. integrative. d) valences C. Cultivating sensitivity to self and others . In McClelland's motivation theory, the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power are developed over time, as a result of life experiences. c) achievement. We recommend using a Term used to describe a therapy style in which the therapist remains relatively neutral and does not interpret or take direct actions with regard to the client, instead remaining a calm, nonjudgmental listener while the client talks. Which theory is based on the phenomenon of social comparison which states that people will act to eliminate any perceived inequity in the rewards they receive for their work in comparison with the rewards that others receive? Sustainability should be visible both within and outside the company. On the other hand, SDT would suggest that to enhance intrinsic motivation on jobs that are interesting, dont focus only on increasing extrinsic rewards (like large pay bonuses). To separate oneself from a negatively valued object. To get free, shake off restraint, break out of confinement. Otherwise, a manager high in nPow may satisfy this need through acquisition of personal power, to the detriment of the organization. exports to Europe? Could we detect that need from her current behavior? d) valences Forming humanistic-altruistic value system . Abeka speech for every day review quiz 1 Flashcards. Which of the following needs are addressed in Alderfer's theory? You probably know a few of them. 30. a) Abraham Maslow They like situations where the probability of success is moderate. Why might concentrating on motivators give better results? SDT theory has interesting implications for the management of organizational behavior. d) Clayton Alderfer To have sexual intercourse. See Page 1 Section Reference: Types of Motivation Theories Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. Or she may not be in the proper environment to solicit behaviors to satisfy the need. b) Alderfer's ERG theory. Employees can be dissatisfied, neutral, or satisfied with their jobs, depending on their levels of hygienes and motivators. a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. d) Goal setting Maintaining good relationships with their coworkers is important to them, so they go to great lengths to make the work group succeed because they fear rejection. e) inducements, According to expectancy theory, managers can influence workers' __________ by selecting people with proper abilities, training them well, providing them the needed resources, and identifying clear performance goals. b. ERG theory. All of the following are content theories EXCEPT: a. operant conditioning b. SDT theory c. ERG theory d. Motivator/Hygiene theory e. Maslow's theory Jan 21 2022 | 05:07 AM | Solved Glenna Pfannerstill Verified Expert 7 Votes 1013 Answers As shown in Exhibit 14.7, the ERG model addresses the same needs as those identified in Maslows work: Exhibit 14.8 identifies a number of ways in which organizations can help their members satisfy these three needs. Management theories include methods and practices that companies follow to manage their employees and maintain good employee relations effectively. Which equation correctly reflects Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation? http://www.businessinsider.com/bombas-athletic-sock-review-2017-1. e) People with a low need for achievement will also have a low need for affiliation. a) research evidence suggests that the needs in Maslow's hierarchy exist in a flexible rather than rigid order. In the two-factor theory of motivation, __________ are associated with the job context, such as working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. The need for affiliation (nAff) reflects a desire to establish and maintain warm and friendly relationships with other people. When these needs are met, we experience satisfaction. To escape from a dangerous situation. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. One major implication of Herzbergs motivator-hygiene theory is the somewhat counterintuitive idea that managers should focus more on motivators than on hygienes. The unique feature of Herzbergs theory is that job conditions that prevent dissatisfaction do not cause satisfaction. e) ERG theory focuses on the consequences of an individual's behavior, whereas Maslow's theory does not. e) ERG theory, Manny has always been driven by the need to work more efficiently, solve problems, and master complex tasks. Which of the following is a limitation of Herzberg's two-factor theory? Pattern B. Rhythmicity C. Dependency D. Open system Answer Key 3. Needs must be maintained (we must continue to eat occasionally). A high social power seeker satisfies needs for power by influencing others, like the personal power seeker. The key difference between theories of learning and models of teaching is that theories describe a. explicit strategies. e) Physiological. Therefore, the more we satisfy our growth need, the more important it becomes and the more strongly we are motivated to satisfy it. Why or why not? c) supervision. Are CCC and DDD mutually exclusive? 54. c) Existence, relatedness, and growth a.) e) Esteem, relationships, and growth, 64. a. Assume that any temporary external investment of money earns I0% per year and that any temporary financing is done at 6%. The uncollectible percentage is 5.5%. d) Social Content theories of motivation mainly focus on the physiological and psychological deficiencies that people feel a compulsion to reduce or eliminate. More specifically, Herzberg believes these motivators lead to high performance (achievement), and the high performance itself leads to satisfaction. 56. In the context of motivation, level refers to __________. High-nAff people like to be around other people, including other people at work. According to Maslow, Nicole is driven by which of these needs? Organizational behavior researchers often classify motivation in terms of what stimulates it. To answer this question, we must examine types of motivation. Other people have lower affiliation needs. According to this perspective, the manager's job is to identify what people need and then to make sure that the work environment becomes a means of satisfying these needs. d) Cells are made up of similar shapes, colors, and sizes. Identify important outcomes. 4. c) an individual's choice when presented with a number of possible alternatives b. Freud studies mainly "sick" people. c) Do your best (After all, doesnt everyone want to be paid well? c) reinforcers See Answer. To assist an object in danger. But, once those esteem needs are satisfied, Maslow predicted that self-actualization needs would dominate. Unilever employees more than 170,000 workers globally and has an employ engagement level around 80 percent. For each pair of socks purchased, the company donates a pair of socks to someone in need (Mulvey 2017). Barton, Tynan. Organziational Behaviour, 7ce Chapter 4: Theories of Motivation Chapter 4 Theories of Motivation 4.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Motivation is A) a component of ability, personal traits and desire. A. Hierarchy-of-needs B.Two-factor motivation C. Achievement motivation D. Equit y The text focuses on three content theories that have received the greatest amount of attention: the hierarchy-of-needs theory, the two-factor motivation theory, and the achievement motivation theory. As with nAch, nAff varies in intensity across individuals. a) felt negative inequity Maslow condensed human needs into a manageable set. Subsistence AC78.6 ac midterm examinations theories. b) self esteem b) sense of achievement. eclectic therapies d. Therapy in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly. But he also believes that each need can be taught, especially nAch. But not all companies battle such low engagement rates. e) It is not commonly used outside of the United States. are licensed under a, Major Characteristics of the Manager's Job, How the Brain Processes Information to Make Decisions: Reflective and Reactive Systems, Administrative and Bureaucratic Management, External and Internal Organizational Environments and Corporate Culture, The Internal Organization and External Environments, Organizing for Change in the 21st Century, Ethics, Corporate Responsibility, and Sustainability, Dimensions of Ethics: The Individual Level, Ethical Principles and Responsible Decision-Making, Leadership: Ethics at the Organizational Level, Ethics, Corporate Culture, and Compliance, Emerging Trends in Ethics, CSR, and Compliance, Cultural Stereotyping and Social Institutions, Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs, Trends in Entrepreneurship and Small-Business Ownership, Strategic Analysis: Understanding a Firms Competitive Environment, Gaining Advantages by Understanding the Competitive Environment, A Firm's External Macro Environment: PESTEL, A Firm's Micro Environment: Porter's Five Forces, Competition, Strategy, and Competitive Advantage, The Strategic Management Process: Achieving and Sustaining Competitive Advantage, The Role of Strategic Analysis in Formulating a Strategy, Strategic Objectives and Levels of Strategy, Planning Firm Actions to Implement Strategies, Measuring and Evaluating Strategic Performance, An Introduction to Human Resource Management, Influencing Employee Performance and Motivation, Talent Development and Succession Planning, Benefits and Challenges of Workplace Diversity, Situational (Contingency) Approaches to Leadership, Substitutes for and Neutralizers of Leadership, Transformational, Visionary, and Charismatic Leadership, Opportunities and Challenges to Team Building, Factors Affecting Communications and the Roles of Managers, Managerial Communication and Corporate Reputation, The Major Channels of Management Communication Are Talking, Listening, Reading, and Writing, Formal Organizational Planning in Practice, Management by Objectives: A Planning and Control Technique, The Control- and Involvement-Oriented Approaches to Planning and Controlling, MTIIts Importance Now and In the Future, External Sources of Technology and Innovation, Internal Sources of Technology and Innovation, Management Entrepreneurship Skills for Technology and Innovation, Managing Now for Future Technology and Innovation, The New York City Metropolitan Transit Authority undertook a new approach to how they perform critical inspection and maintenance of subway components that are necessary to providing reliable service. To put things in order. Job enrichment is one effective strategy; this frequently entails training and rotating employees through different jobs, or adding new challenges. d) Motivation = expectancy X rewards X valence c) Esteem b) 25 A problem often discussed in the engineering economy literature is the "oil-well pump problem." __________ is classified as a process theory. In Maslow's needs hierarchy, __________ needs must be satisfied before __________ needs are activated, and __________ needs must be satisfied before __________ needs are activated, and so on. Some jobs are by their very nature uninteresting and unlikely to be made interesting. c) reinforcers If the MARR is 20%, which pump should be selected? How does this pay structure relate to self-determination theory (SDT)? Accounting and Finance Political Theory (PLH-1) Criminal Law - II (0303) Masters of Business Administration export import (1723) Bsc Nursing (BNurs2011) Bachelors of Business Administration in Finance & Investment Analysis (BBA1) MBA (33A) Contract (140) MBA (CRIM) Bachler of art (eli) English (BCA302) Mechanical Engineering (BE MECH) Trending In fact, around the 1920s, some 6,000 human needs had been identified by behavioral scientists! a) How a person will respond to types of leadership direction According to Alderfer, which needs reflect a desire for satisfying interpersonal relationships? ( True False) Question 10. Herzberg recommends using _________ to build motivators into job content. Factors inside the person that cause people to perform tasks, intrinsic motivation, arise out of performing a task in and of itself, because it is interesting or fun to do. In a management by objectives approach, the supervisor and subordinate jointly establish performance goals, individually act, and jointly evaluate results and recycle the MBO process. A high-nPow person may try to convince others to do things that are detrimental to the organization. Manny is classified as driven by a need for: d) Who will be a more appropriate manager for an employee SDT would suggest that the primary way to motivate high performance for such jobs is to make performance contingent on extrinsic rewards.