The two became friends and Aroni shared with Ossain all the secrets related to herbs, plants, and flowers. Youd be right. Even knives must be made of wood. We also have lots of syncretism involved which contributed to the spread of their worship inside Christian beliefs too. If means something like the large abode and it was the first land created by Obatala, the Creator Orisha. It is said she couldnt have any child of her own. Hes a healer who knows all the herbs and their properties, as well as how to perform spells and incantations. Two gods rule over both these primordial realms. He has a warrior side His element is fire and he wears black and red clothes. Hes related to death and also to magic. roads. On this page, Ill present you all you need to know about Orishas and how to understand them in and out from their original context the Yoruba Religion. Ptahs original association seems to have been with craftsmen and builders. Olorun had two sons, Obatala and Oduduwa, who helped him develop the features of the Earth. He stayed at Obatalas for 16 years! Orisha Obatala always wears white clothes. The festivals took place in the open, so public participation was permitted. She is able to heal wounds and diseases, as well as cast curses and plagues. Priests were trained to work with multiple orishas instead of being exclusively dedicated to a single one. From Ogun, she learned how to wield the sword; From Oxaguia, she learned how to wield the shield; From Eshu, she learned how to use the magical power of fire; From Shango, she learned the power of make justice and how to use thunderbols; From Omulu, however, she wasnt able to learn anything as she couldnt seduce him. Corresponding Orishas and Saints Chart | | Orisha, Santeria, African From about 2000 BCE, it was believed that every man, not just the deceased kings, became associated with Osiris at death. Obatala knocked Eshu down three times and Eshu got back on his feet after all of them. Ogun gets worried because he feels like Ochossi needs to know how to defend himself. Aganju was the next Orisha to manifest on earth. Oshn rules over the sweet waters of the world, the brooks, The purpose of these stories today is to teach lessons rather than relate some literal truth. In the New World, Africans from many city-states were thrown together into common slavery. and profound lakes she is deep and unknowable. Some describe the orishas as being manifestations or aspects of Olodumare. Immediately, Ogun, even though he was tired, initiates a fight against all the invaders and defeats them all! Scholars have suggested that the Greek word Aiguptosthe source of the name Egyptmay have started as a corruption of Hwt-Ka-Ptah, the name of one of Ptahs shrines. Omulu is considered to be ugly and Oshumare is the most beautiful being in the world. One day, Obatala decided to bathe in a river. As such, the orishas came to be regarded as roughly equals as cultures mixed. Bastet - Wikipedia Their union gives birth to Aganju (earth . Taweret, In Ancient Egyptian religion Taweret is the defensive Ancient Egyptian goddess of labor and . These supernatural entities usually referred to as deities are actually emanations or avatars of the supreme being Olodumare. Osiris festivals symbolically reenacting the gods fate were celebrated annually in various towns throughout ancient Egypt. His wife, Isis, reassembled his body and resurrected him, allowing them to conceive a son, the god Horus. The gods of the land keep the peace and the people in check. Corrections? she is the queen of witches carrying within her deep and dark secrets. He threw his stone on Ogun and Oguns body went ablaze. 4 In the light of the foregoing; the present study would attempt to explore these religio- . The main ones are Umbanda and Candomble (Brazil), Santeria (Cuba), and Vodou (Haiti). He knows all the occult powers and rules. For the most accurate and up-to-date information, consult individual encyclopedia entries about the topics. Obatala noticed Eshu but I was too late. A central feature was the construction of the Osiris garden.. His colors are red and white and he recognises himself in the In the region known as Yorubaland (today Nigeria, Benin, and Togo) and variations are found across the globe. She tried a bit. He was represented as a mummified king, wearing wrappings that left only the green skin of his hands and face exposed. 1630 bce) the gods festivals consisted of processions and nocturnal rites and were celebrated at the temple of Abydos, where Osiris had assimilated the very ancient god of the dead, Khenty-Imentiu. Oya is her main name. During the 123 years when the Polish state was absent from the map of Europe, religion played an important role in the preservation of Polish identity both among Poles at home and the many who emigrated, by choice or otherwise. He was the only orisha Their union gives birth to Aganju (earth, in a way we can walk upon it) and Yemaya (water). While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Everyone got surprised because he was looking handsome. Creation". The goddess Hathor was usually depicted as a cow, as a woman with the head of a cow, or as a woman with cows ears. So she used her beauty and seduced many men to acquire their most treasured abilities. evolve through the form of a fish before becoming a human baby. "The Orishas." She always holds a mirror to admire her own beauty and to teach her children to love themselves above all. He wears light green and blue clothes. They rule Also observe how the Secrets" must devote themselves entirely to the practice of Depicted as a falcon or as a man with a falcons head, Horus was a sky god associated with war and hunting. He was hiding because invaders had conquered most of the village he lived in and killed lots of people. Obatal as it contains all the colors of the rainbow yet is Now, you. They used to take the old Orisha some offerings, gifts, and also ask for guidance. They were originally divine spirits who incarnated as earthly human-like beings and became heroes of their people. Nana didnt like the idea of having the permission of Ogun for her works or for being praised. One day he reached Obatalas house. Orisha View source The Orisha are a pantheon deities worshipped by the Yoruba people of West Africa. Osiris, also called Usir, one of the most important gods of ancient Egypt. This was not enough, he continued to be teased and provoked. Each African city-state had its own single, patron deity. So he teaches Ochossi how to use a bow and arrows. Aganj - orisha that was a warrior king, walked with a sword as a staff, and is associated with fire. His youngest son, Obatala, asked if he could create a new realm made of earth. Orunmila is wisdom and As Elegba opens the roads, it is contradictory nature. All the others laughed at him. He tried to punish her, but she fled. They recognise For shortened version of Yey Omo Eja means "Mother Whose It is believed that depictions of Isis with the infant Horus influenced Christian imagery of Mary with the infant Jesus. Though it was Both in Umbanda and Candombl, as well as in other religions derived from the Yoruba, its common to call spells and magical works macumba. He refused. The number of orishas varies among believers. Obatala felt reluctant but eventually agreed with her. When she started to speak, fire came out of her mouth. Osiris was not only ruler of the dead but also the power that granted all life from the underworld, from sprouting vegetation to the annual flood of the Nile River. So, today were talking about African Pantheons. Shango returned home. https://www.learnreligions.com/who-are-the-orishas-95922 (accessed March 5, 2023). Today we can find them, alongside branches of their cult and worship practices, outside from Africa. Over time, Re came to be syncretized with other sun deities, especially Amon. Though a specific number can't be placed on the amount of Orishas, there is an exciting notion around it. Rituals invoking his spirit require the rapid beating of drums, which often cause his followers to fall into a deep trance. The best source of ashe is in sacrificial blood, which is why animal sacrifice plays such a prominent role in Santeria. No life existed in this water, though. Yemaya found, healed, and adopted him. This empire has mythical origins related to the last prince of the If kingdom. Orisha Nana Buruku, also known as Nana Buruque or simply as Nan, is the most respected Orisha of all. According to the form of the myth reported by the Greek author Plutarch, Osiris was slain or drowned by Seth, who tore the corpse into 14 pieces and flung them over Egypt. OBATALA - The Yoruba Religious Concepts - Google During the meeting, Esu took the chance to cause some mischief and told Oshumare that Nan was really guilty for his shapeshifting curse and convinced him to take revenge on her by stealing her crown and becoming the king of the Jeje people. Crash Course is on Patreon! Anyway, Orisha Omulu used to be a quiet one. It is said their scars strike fear into their enemy, who see the scars of Kokou as a sign of their potency. I hope you could get a clearer picture of them and now youre able to familiarise yourself with these forces. Beyer, Catherine. opportunity to meet the orishas face to face during a bemb It is common in all pantheons, religions, and mythologies to find different tales for the same story. Some say Shango had 3 wives. The oldest known depiction of Osiris dates to about 2300 bce, but representations of him are rare before the New Kingdom (15391075 bce), when he was shown in an archaizing form as a mummy with his arms crossed on his breast, one hand holding a crook, the other a flail. She carries an Ibiri in her hand, which is a tool capable of warding off evil spirits. Other stories tell that Ogum was married to Oya. Orisha Sango wears red clothes and carries two double axes in his hands. orisha rules their head, must go to the river and give account of what that is pure, wise peaceful and compassionate. No one wanted to dance with him as usual. Osiris was not only the ruler of the dead but also the power that granted all life from the underworld, from vegetation to the annual flood of the Nile River. One day, Shango Oguns brother wanted to have Oya as a wife. As the goddess of the sky, Nut engulfed the sun at night and brought it back again at the beginning of the day. When the pilgrims who traveled to this land entered in conflict with the native beasts that lived on it, the Originators, the heroes that rose among the humans were ascended to gods on faith. There was no taste at all. Shes impulsive, aggressive, and cant be controlled. 2023 All Rights Reserved. Among these religions we can highlight three, which are the biggest ones: These religions differ from each other, but their beliefs comprise the Orisha energy and presence. However, he refused to perform the task because he identified the plants. Africa isnt a single place with a single pantheon, and wed be fools to try and cover all that in an eleven minute video. This dual role was in turn combined with the Egyptian concept of divine kingship: the king at death became Osiris, god of the underworld; and the dead kings son, the living king, was identified with Horus, a god of the sky. The first step he took on this realm became known as Ile-Ife (the capital of the Yorubaland). Finally, there is Eshu, a trickster God, and patron of crossroads. The idea that rebirth in the next life could be gained by following Osiris was maintained through certain cult forms. Be sure to check my YouTube Channel and follow me on Twitter too! If youre interested in the religions themselves, I suggest reading the following articles: Though differences will always occur, all the 12 main Orishas Ill present here are mainly worshiped in Umbanda and Candombl. Ochossi is intuitive and emotional. So these are the 12 most powerful and important Orishas, Gods from Yoruba Mythology and religions derived from this amazing culture. From her death, many Orisha children were born (now comes the conflicting information): I said there is conflicting information because there are several stories that suggest Yemaya, Oshun, and Oya are sisters too. He lived inside a forest and he would have sexual relations with any woman who entered the woods. It is said he was the emperor of Oyo, today Nigeria. During his lifetime, he was married to three wives (Oshun, Oba, and Oya). He got uncontrollable as usual and when he noticed, the entire empire was burning. Before we can get to know each Orisha and their energies, we must understand their roots in the Yoruba Religion and Mythology. Shes a crone who knows all the secret spells and hidden knowledge out there. Firstly because of the eb she prepared to become a mother. Underneath it, its said he wears black and red colors. predynastic and dynastic periods in ancient Egypt. As you The god Seth was considered the murderer of Osiris and adversary of Horus. Egyptian and Greek God Comparisons | Riordan Wiki | Fandom over the forces of nature and the endeavors of humanity. He understands the secrets of dreaming, meditation, psychic ability and healing. People would wait for him to heal them. Some examples of his manifestations are Air, Agodo, Afonja, Obomin, and Lub. the cemetery. From now on, it was decided that everyone who wanted to make an offering to Obatala should also pay tributes to Eshu. He is also the owner of all heads and the mind. To get Oya, Shango entered a battle against Ogun. After his death, he was deified as an orisha. Obatala became albine. Oya is married to Shango, a warrior Orisha who also has fire as an element. He ordered all the sorcerers of the empire to produce some kind of magical potion for him, but all of them failed. A central feature of the festivals during the late period was the construction of the Osiris garden, a mold in the shape of Osiris, filled with soil. White is also a color that represents her. Of course, he drinks it! At the beginning of Yoruba mythology, the universe was composed of two elements, the ethereal sky above and a watery chaos below. Misc/Uncertain of locality She is a very interesting Orisha because she metaphorically defied the rules of patriarchy. Elegba is always The number of orishas varies among believers. Ossain became so famous that he was asked to heal a king. Eshu was so focused on observing Obatala that he learned everything from him. Beyer, Catherine. witnessed the temper of Shang in action. This fight was mainly a physical fight, no magic was involved. Some Orishas are worshiped as gods in their own right and they include top names such as Babal Ay, Elegua, Obatala, Ochosi, Ogun, Oya, Shango and Yemaya. and female paths. In the end, all those who wish to offer something to Nana must use wooden tools. ALA baniase: He who gives fourth and takes This name given for his great powers. Yemaya is her mother (in some accounts they are sisters). There, she cried and formed the rivers that flooded the earth and created the oceans. All metals and weapons belong to Ogun, the blacksmith Orisha. Ancient Egyptians celebrated Osiris with festivals that consisted of processions and nocturnal rites at the temple of Abydos. It was believed that he sailed across the sky in a boat each day and then made a passage through the underworld each night, during which he would have to defeat the snake god Apopis in order to rise again. By about 2400 bce, however, Osiris clearly played a double role: he was both a god of fertility and the embodiment of the dead and resurrected king. The others were dancing and drinking a lot. From now on, Ill bring the Orisha list with the 12 most important ones. Yemay lives and rules over the seas and lakes. Theres another story that tells how Oya became the queen of the dead, being responsible for sending eguns (souls of the dead) to the otherworld. After receiving an eb (food offering), Eshu helped the man by deceiving the kings guards. It says she wanted to become powerful and stronger than men. with Oy and Oshn. creator of the world and humanity. Isis was one of the last of the ancient Egyptian gods to still be worshipped. There are more than 400 Orishas out there. To start, Yoruba is a name that encompasses a group of people who live in the region of Nigeria, Benin, and Togo in West Africa. the human and the divine, as he is child-like messenger between the two It somehow reminds the method of divination with Runes by the Norse people. Peacocks and vultures are hers and we use The Orishas: Orunla, Osain, Oshun, Oya, and Yemaya - Learn Religions done in either world without his permission. Then, he placed the five-fingered hen and the pigeon in this space covered by earth. This is the source of https://www.britannica.com/list/11-egyptian-gods-and-goddesses, largest and most complex pantheons of gods. Its said there are over 400 different Orishas out there! The many, many Orishas cover all aspects of life, and can be pretty specialized. the femme fatale of the orishas and once saved the world by luring technology and because this technology shares in his nature, it is After this, she fled to the top of a mountain, but he followed her. above them. Shango learned how to control the fire and started using it to protect the ones who needed it. The saint is a mask of the orisha, and it does no work the other way around. Oshun went after Eshu and, when she found him, she asked the clothes back. they rule over. He rules over the fire element, but hes also related to storms and thunderbolts, like his wife Ians (Oya). In his fully animal form, he has a thin doglike body and a straight tail with a tuft on the end. Yoruba mythology involves the presence of the supreme being and other more minor "gods" or "spirits" known as orishas (which are both male and female). She recognises herself in the colors yellow and Whenever people are sad, for example, he appears in the sky as a rainbow and reminds people that beauty is all around them. I wont enter in details about each one of them as this is not the focus of this article. Shango threw thunderbolts in all directions, killing the rams. From here on, every offering dedicated to Obatala should be delivered at the crossroad to Eshu. There are several stories about Yemaya and some of them have some conflicting pieces of information. He took Eshus words seriously and entered his mothers castle in the shape of a terrifying snake. Oduduwa joined with the humans and begat a new bloodline of kings (the Yoruba called him Ooni of Ife, the progenitor of the Yoruba people). Eshu did it differently. The 5 Most Influential Orishas - Nigeria and World News The orishas are equated with a variety of Catholic saints. Living humans were the third category, and the most In many Nigerian mythologies, it is believed that the gods once walked this earth and even lived . His colors are blue and yellow. In this role, it is not surprising that he has a very close The orishas are the gods of Santeria, the beings that believers interact with on a regular basis. offerings and come to our aid. The origins of Isis are obscure. Apart from these religions, its totally common to find witches and Pagans energetically working with these deities too. As such, there is no concern about the literal truth of these tales or the fact that tales my contradict one another. relationship. This way, offerings to Nana go directly to her. He is revered by all the hunting communities and is often employed by the Orishas as a scout, helping them to locate lost items. The Orishas - Gods of Santeria - Learn Religions Obatala became aware of the situation and decided to punish Omulu for spreading the disease among the Orishas. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Shango was the third king of the Oyo Kingdom. allowed to witness the creation of the universe by Olorun and bears What is very important to know now is that these people shared common beliefs and customs. Are the Egyptian historical references in Stargate SG-1 based on actual Oshosi is also a hunting god, who is highly regarded for his quick wit and objectivity. He also symbolized death, resurrection, and the cycle of Nile floods that Egypt relied on for agricultural fertility. (Amonet, Amentet, Amentit, Imentet, Imentit, and Ament) Anuket - A water Goddess whose name means "embracer." Her waters lapped the sacred island, Seheil. Horus was raised to avenge his fathers murder. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Orunmila was impressed! This is the list of orisha youll find more information below: Orisha Obatala is also known as Oshala, Orishanla, and Oshaluf. She, and To acknowledge the with quick wits, quick temper and is the epitomy of virility. In his early days, he was very hostile, inflicting disease upon those who transgressed him. According to the Osiris myth, Horus was the son of Isis and Osiris, magically conceived after the murder of Osiris by his brother Seth. motif found in many other mythologies such as the story of Gaia and Uranos in Greek Mythology and Nut and Geb and Egyptian Mythology. Olorun agreed and gave Obatala a shell to help fashion this new world. He then shouted: Is the king a king even when he wears no clothes?. them often to represent her. Hes a healer who rules over the forests. BBC - Religions - Santeria: Santeria deities One day, Obatala was so busy that he asked Eshu to guard his house and prevent people from entering to offer him gifts. Oshun is also considered a Mother Goddess and its very common for her worshipers to be known as children of Oshun. You pay nothing extra for it and you help to keep the website alive! Osiris, one of Egypts most important deities, was god of the underworld. Her number is nine which recalls her title of Yansa or From about 2000 bce onward it was believed that every man, not just the deceased kings, became associated with Osiris at death. The heaven realm is the domain of Olorun, a sun god. There is no expectation that each community would function exactly alike or understand the orishas in exactly the same way.

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